Utilization of Artificial Intelligence in Analyzing Movement Errors in Physical Education Learning Among PJKR Students

Abstract

Accurate analysis of movement errors is crucial in physical education (PE) instruction for improving student performance and preventing injuries. However, traditional observation methods often involve subjective interpretations and human limitation. This study aimed to investigate the utilization of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in analyzing movement errors during physical education learning among students of Physical Education, Health, and Recreation (PJKR) at the Faculty of Physical Education and Health Sciences (FIKK), Universitas Negeri Makassar (UNM). This research employed a mixed-methods approach involving 120 PJKR students across different academic years. The study utilized computer vision technology with deep learning algorithms to detect and classify movement errors in fundamental sport movements. Data collection involved video recording of students performing three basic motor skills: basketball shooting, badminton forehand stroke, and long jump. The AI system was trained using a dataset of 2,000 movement samples with accurate and erroneous movement classifications. Results indicated that the AI-based system achieved 94.5% accuracy in identifying movement errors compared to expert coaches' assessments. Students receiving AI-assisted feedback demonstrated significant improvement in movement accuracy, with a mean improvement of 32.7% compared to the control group receiving traditional instruction (p < 0.001). The implementation of AI technology not only enhanced the precision of error detection but also provided immediate, objective feedback that facilitated faster learning progression. Furthermore, this technology enabled real-time monitoring and personalized learning pathways for individual students. This study demonstrates that AI integration in PE learning settings offers promising potential for enhancing instructional effectiveness, improving student outcomes, and creating more objective assessment systems in physical education.