The Effect of Regular Physical Activity on Academic Achievement
Keywords:
physical activity, academic achievement, PJKR students, exercise, GPAAbstract
This study investigates the relationship between regular physical activity and academic achievement among Physical Education, Health and Recreation (PJKR) students at the Faculty of Sports and Health Sciences (FIKK), Universitas Negeri Makassar (UNM). The research employs a quantitative correlational design with 120 students as participants, selected through purposive sampling technique. Data on physical activity levels were collected using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), while academic achievement was measured through Grade Point Average (GPA) from the academic information system. The findings reveal a significant positive correlation (r = 0.687, p < 0.01) between regular physical activity and academic achievement. Students who engaged in moderate to vigorous physical activity for at least 150 minutes per week demonstrated higher GPAs compared to those with sedentary lifestyles. Multiple regression analysis indicates that physical activity contributes 47.2% to the variance in academic achievement, after controlling for other factors such as sleep quality, nutritional status, and study habits. These results suggest that maintaining regular physical activity patterns can serve as an effective strategy to enhance academic performance among PJKR students, supporting the integration of structured physical activity programs within the curriculum.
References
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Andriani, D., & Susanto, E. (2022). Hubungan aktivitas fisik dengan prestasi akademik mahasiswa pendidikan olahraga. Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani Indonesia, 18(1), 45-56.
Budde, H., Voelcker-Rehage, C., Pietraßyk-Kendziorra, S., Ribeiro, P., & Tidow, G. (2008). Acute coordinative exercise improves attentional performance in adolescents. Neuroscience Letters, 441(2), 219-223.
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Donnelly, J. E., Hillman, C. H., Castelli, D., Etnier, J. L., Lee, S., Tomporowski, P., Lambourne, K., & Szabo-Reed, A. N. (2016). Physical activity, fitness, cognitive function, and academic achievement in children: A systematic review. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 48(6), 1197-1222.
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Ghozali, I. (2018). Aplikasi analisis multivariate dengan program IBM SPSS 25 (Edisi 9). Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
Hartanto, D., & Budiman, A. (2023). Kualitas tidur sebagai prediktor prestasi belajar mahasiswa. Indonesian Journal of Educational Research, 8(1), 78-89.
Hidayat, R., & Mustafa, P. S. (2020). Metodologi pengumpulan data kuantitatif dalam penelitian pendidikan. Jurnal Metode Penelitian, 12(3), 189-201.
Hillman, C. H., Erickson, K. I., & Kramer, A. F. (2008). Be smart, exercise your heart: Exercise effects on brain and cognition. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 9(1), 58-65.
Hogan, C. L., Catalino, L. I., Mata, J., & Fredrickson, B. L. (2020). Beyond emotional benefits: Physical activity and sedentary behaviour affect psychosocial resources through emotions. Psychology & Health, 30(3), 354-369.
Kadir, A., Makhmud, H., & Arfandi, A. (2022). Profil program studi PJKR FIKK Universitas Negeri Makassar. Jurnal Ilmu Keolahragaan, 21(1), 23-34.
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Kusuma, A. P., & Wardani, K. S. (2023). Paradoks aktivitas fisik mahasiswa pendidikan jasmani: Antara pengetahuan dan praktik. Sport Science and Health, 5(2), 156-168.
Lubans, D., Richards, J., Hillman, C., Faulkner, G., Beauchamp, M., Nilsson, M., Kelly, P., Smith, J., Raine, L., & Biddle, S. (2016). Physical activity for cognitive and mental health in youth: A systematic review of mechanisms. Pediatrics, 138(3), e20161642.
Maksum, A. (2020). Kompetensi profesional mahasiswa pendidikan jasmani kesehatan dan rekreasi. Jurnal Pendidikan Olahraga, 9(1), 67-78.
Mandolesi, L., Polverino, A., Montuori, S., Foti, F., Ferraioli, G., Sorrentino, P., & Sorrentino, G. (2018). Effects of physical exercise on cognitive functioning and wellbeing: Biological and psychological benefits. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 509.
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Nugroho, S., & Prasetyo, Y. (2021). Analisis regresi dan moderasi dalam penelitian perilaku kesehatan. Jurnal Statistika Kesehatan, 14(2), 145-159.
Owen, K. B., Parker, P. D., Van Zanden, B., MacMillan, F., Astell-Burt, T., & Lonsdale, C. (2016). Physical activity and school engagement in youth: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Educational Psychologist, 51(2), 129-145.
Pratama, R. A., & Argantos, A. (2021). Pola aktivitas fisik mahasiswa pendidikan jasmani: Studi kasus di Jawa Timur. Indonesian Journal of Sport Science & Coaching, 3(2), 89-101.
Purnomo, E., & Setiawan, D. A. (2022). Karakteristik akademik mahasiswa PJKR di universitas negeri. Gelanggang Olahraga, 5(2), 112-123.
Rachman, H. A., & Sutisyana, A. (2020). Perilaku sedentari dan aktivitas fisik mahasiswa Indonesia di era digital. Medikora: Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Olahraga, 19(1), 11-20.
Rahman, T., & Hasyim, S. (2022). Profil gender mahasiswa program studi pendidikan jasmani di Indonesia. Journal of Physical Education, 10(1), 34-45.
Safitri, D. E., & Ramadhan, K. (2021). Status gizi dan pola makan mahasiswa: Implikasinya terhadap kesehatan dan prestasi. Gizi Indonesia, 44(1), 67-78.
Saleh, M. S., & Anwar, S. (2022). Fasilitas olahraga dan pemanfaatannya di FIKK UNM. Jurnal Administrasi Olahraga, 12(1), 45-57.
Santoso, S. (2021). Panduan lengkap SPSS versi 26. PT Elex Media Komputindo.
Sari, N. P., & Hidayat, A. A. (2021). Hubungan aktivitas fisik dengan perilaku gizi seimbang pada mahasiswa. Jurnal Gizi dan Kesehatan, 13(2), 178-189.
Singh, A. S., Saliasi, E., van den Berg, V., Uijtdewilligen, L., de Groot, R. H., Jolles, J., Andersen, L. B., Bailey, R., Chang, Y. K., Diamond, A., Ericsson, I., Etnier, J. L., Fedewa, A. L., Hillman, C. H., McMorris, T., Pesce, C., Pühse, U., Tomporowski, P. D., & Chinapaw, M. J. (2023). Effects of physical activity interventions on cognitive and academic performance in children and adolescents: A novel combination of a systematic review and recommendations from an expert panel. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 53(10), 640-647.
Statistik, B. P. (2021). Statistik pendidikan tinggi Indonesia 2021. Badan Pusat Statistik Indonesia.
Sugiyono. (2019). Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan R&D (Edisi 2). Alfabeta.
Syahruddin, S., Kadir, A., & Aryani, M. (2023). Tantangan akademik dan non-akademik mahasiswa PJKR. Competitor: Jurnal Pendidikan Kepelatihan Olahraga, 15(1), 89-102.
Wibowo, A., Santosa, B., & Wijaya, C. (2023). Korelasi aktivitas fisik dengan indeks prestasi kumulatif: Studi longitudinal. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan, 23(2), 201-215.
World Health Organization. (2020). WHO guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. World Health Organization.
Xiang, M., Gu, X., Jackson, A., Zhang, T., Wang, X., & Guo, Q. (2022). Understanding adolescents' mental health and academic achievement: Does physical fitness matter? School Psychology International, 38(6), 647-663.
Álvarez-Bueno, C., Pesce, C., Cavero-Redondo, I., Sanchez-Lopez, M., Garrido-Miguel, M., & Martínez-Vizcaíno, V. (2020). Academic achievement and physical activity: A meta-analysis. Pediatrics, 140(6), e20171498.
Andriani, D., & Susanto, E. (2022). Hubungan aktivitas fisik dengan prestasi akademik mahasiswa pendidikan olahraga. Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani Indonesia, 18(1), 45-56.
Budde, H., Voelcker-Rehage, C., Pietraßyk-Kendziorra, S., Ribeiro, P., & Tidow, G. (2008). Acute coordinative exercise improves attentional performance in adolescents. Neuroscience Letters, 441(2), 219-223.
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (5th ed.). Sage Publications.
Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi. (2020). Pedoman penilaian dan evaluasi akademik mahasiswa. Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia
Donnelly, J. E., Hillman, C. H., Castelli, D., Etnier, J. L., Lee, S., Tomporowski, P., Lambourne, K., & Szabo-Reed, A. N. (2016). Physical activity, fitness, cognitive function, and academic achievement in children: A systematic review. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 48(6), 1197-1222.
Fajar, M. K., Solichin, M. M., & Sunardi, J. (2021). Pengaruh kualitas tidur dan kebiasaan belajar terhadap prestasi akademik mahasiswa. Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 27(2), 112-125.
Ghozali, I. (2018). Aplikasi analisis multivariate dengan program IBM SPSS 25 (Edisi 9). Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
Hartanto, D., & Budiman, A. (2023). Kualitas tidur sebagai prediktor prestasi belajar mahasiswa. Indonesian Journal of Educational Research, 8(1), 78-89.
Hidayat, R., & Mustafa, P. S. (2020). Metodologi pengumpulan data kuantitatif dalam penelitian pendidikan. Jurnal Metode Penelitian, 12(3), 189-201.
Hillman, C. H., Erickson, K. I., & Kramer, A. F. (2008). Be smart, exercise your heart: Exercise effects on brain and cognition. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 9(1), 58-65.
Hogan, C. L., Catalino, L. I., Mata, J., & Fredrickson, B. L. (2020). Beyond emotional benefits: Physical activity and sedentary behaviour affect psychosocial resources through emotions. Psychology & Health, 30(3), 354-369.
Kadir, A., Makhmud, H., & Arfandi, A. (2022). Profil program studi PJKR FIKK Universitas Negeri Makassar. Jurnal Ilmu Keolahragaan, 21(1), 23-34.
Kementerian Riset dan Teknologi. (2020). Pedoman etika penelitian kesehatan nasional. Kementerian Riset dan Teknologi/Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional.
Kusuma, A. P., & Wardani, K. S. (2023). Paradoks aktivitas fisik mahasiswa pendidikan jasmani: Antara pengetahuan dan praktik. Sport Science and Health, 5(2), 156-168.
Lubans, D., Richards, J., Hillman, C., Faulkner, G., Beauchamp, M., Nilsson, M., Kelly, P., Smith, J., Raine, L., & Biddle, S. (2016). Physical activity for cognitive and mental health in youth: A systematic review of mechanisms. Pediatrics, 138(3), e20161642.
Maksum, A. (2020). Kompetensi profesional mahasiswa pendidikan jasmani kesehatan dan rekreasi. Jurnal Pendidikan Olahraga, 9(1), 67-78.
Mandolesi, L., Polverino, A., Montuori, S., Foti, F., Ferraioli, G., Sorrentino, P., & Sorrentino, G. (2018). Effects of physical exercise on cognitive functioning and wellbeing: Biological and psychological benefits. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 509.
Marques, A., Santos, D. A., Hillman, C. H., & Sardinha, L. B. (2020). How does academic achievement relate to cardiorespiratory fitness, self-reported physical activity and objectively reported physical activity: A systematic review in children and adolescents aged 6-18 years. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 52(16), 1039.
Nugraha, B., Setiawan, E., & Kusnanik, N. W. (2021). Tingkat aktivitas fisik mahasiswa pendidikan jasmani di Indonesia. Jurnal Keolahragaan, 9(2), 234-245.
Nugroho, S., & Prasetyo, Y. (2021). Analisis regresi dan moderasi dalam penelitian perilaku kesehatan. Jurnal Statistika Kesehatan, 14(2), 145-159.
Owen, K. B., Parker, P. D., Van Zanden, B., MacMillan, F., Astell-Burt, T., & Lonsdale, C. (2016). Physical activity and school engagement in youth: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Educational Psychologist, 51(2), 129-145.
Pratama, R. A., & Argantos, A. (2021). Pola aktivitas fisik mahasiswa pendidikan jasmani: Studi kasus di Jawa Timur. Indonesian Journal of Sport Science & Coaching, 3(2), 89-101.
Purnomo, E., & Setiawan, D. A. (2022). Karakteristik akademik mahasiswa PJKR di universitas negeri. Gelanggang Olahraga, 5(2), 112-123.
Rachman, H. A., & Sutisyana, A. (2020). Perilaku sedentari dan aktivitas fisik mahasiswa Indonesia di era digital. Medikora: Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Olahraga, 19(1), 11-20.
Rahman, T., & Hasyim, S. (2022). Profil gender mahasiswa program studi pendidikan jasmani di Indonesia. Journal of Physical Education, 10(1), 34-45.
Safitri, D. E., & Ramadhan, K. (2021). Status gizi dan pola makan mahasiswa: Implikasinya terhadap kesehatan dan prestasi. Gizi Indonesia, 44(1), 67-78.
Saleh, M. S., & Anwar, S. (2022). Fasilitas olahraga dan pemanfaatannya di FIKK UNM. Jurnal Administrasi Olahraga, 12(1), 45-57.
Santoso, S. (2021). Panduan lengkap SPSS versi 26. PT Elex Media Komputindo.
Sari, N. P., & Hidayat, A. A. (2021). Hubungan aktivitas fisik dengan perilaku gizi seimbang pada mahasiswa. Jurnal Gizi dan Kesehatan, 13(2), 178-189.
Singh, A. S., Saliasi, E., van den Berg, V., Uijtdewilligen, L., de Groot, R. H., Jolles, J., Andersen, L. B., Bailey, R., Chang, Y. K., Diamond, A., Ericsson, I., Etnier, J. L., Fedewa, A. L., Hillman, C. H., McMorris, T., Pesce, C., Pühse, U., Tomporowski, P. D., & Chinapaw, M. J. (2023). Effects of physical activity interventions on cognitive and academic performance in children and adolescents: A novel combination of a systematic review and recommendations from an expert panel. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 53(10), 640-647.
Statistik, B. P. (2021). Statistik pendidikan tinggi Indonesia 2021. Badan Pusat Statistik Indonesia.
Sugiyono. (2019). Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan R&D (Edisi 2). Alfabeta.
Syahruddin, S., Kadir, A., & Aryani, M. (2023). Tantangan akademik dan non-akademik mahasiswa PJKR. Competitor: Jurnal Pendidikan Kepelatihan Olahraga, 15(1), 89-102.
Wibowo, A., Santosa, B., & Wijaya, C. (2023). Korelasi aktivitas fisik dengan indeks prestasi kumulatif: Studi longitudinal. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan, 23(2), 201-215.
World Health Organization. (2020). WHO guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. World Health Organization.
Xiang, M., Gu, X., Jackson, A., Zhang, T., Wang, X., & Guo, Q. (2022). Understanding adolescents' mental health and academic achievement: Does physical fitness matter? School Psychology International, 38(6), 647-663.
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