Pengaruh Media Konkret terhadap Perhatian dan Keterlibatan Belajar Siswa Kelas IV SD

Abstract

ABSTRACT

This study aims to examine the effect of using concrete media on the attention and learning engagement of fourth grade students at a Muhammadiyah elementary school in Makassar, and to describe the initial classroom condition that underlies the need for the study. The study uses a quantitative approach with a pre-experimental one group pretest-posttest design. The sample consists of eight fourth grade students selected through purposive sampling. Data will be collected with a four-point Likert questionnaire of twenty-four items and analyzed descriptively and inferentially, using the Shapiro-Wilk normality test followed by the paired sample t-test or the Wilcoxon signed rank test at a significance level of 0.05. A preliminary observation was conducted in one science and social studies lesson involving eight students. The results show that the teacher relied on a textbook and a whiteboard, and no real objects were used. Attention indicators appeared on average in 50.0 percent of the students and engagement indicators in 52.5 percent. The attention of most students dropped at the thirtieth and fortieth minutes. These findings show that the lesson needs a medium that gives students direct experience, so concrete media are proposed as the treatment in the main experiment.

Keywords: concrete media; attention; learning engagement; elementary school; pre-experimental design