Mathematical Logic as a Means to Develop Critical Thinking Skills in Elementary School Mathematics Learning

Abstract

Mathematical logic is a branch of mathematics that plays a vital role in building systematic, rational, and critical thinking skills. In higher education, understanding mathematical logic is essential not only for grasping mathematical concepts but also for developing students' critical thinking abilities. However, in reality, many students still experience difficulties in formal reasoning and solving complex problems logically. This article aims to examine the nature of mathematical logic, its basic concepts, students' critical thinking skills, and the role of mathematical logic in fostering these skills. The method employed in this study is library research, analyzing various relevant books, scientific articles, and research findings related to the topic. The results indicate that the foundational concepts of mathematical logic—including conjunction, disjunction, implication, bi-implication, and quantifiers—serve as a crucial foundation for mathematical reasoning. Furthermore, students' critical thinking skills, which encompass the abilities to analyze arguments, evaluate statement validity, detect reasoning fallacies, and draw logical conclusions, can be significantly enhanced through contextual mathematical logic learning. Therefore, mathematical logic plays a highly crucial role in shaping a systematic, objective, and critical mindset. Through mastering this material, students are expected to be able to apply logical reasoning not only in the academic field but also in solving various real-world problems in daily life, thereby supporting their academic success.